August 26
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1278 – Ladislaus IV of Hungary and Rudolph I of Germany defeat Premysl Ottokar II of Bohemia in the Battle of Marchfield near Dürnkrut in (then) Moravia.
·
1346 – Hundred Years' War: the
military supremacy of the English longbow over the French
combination of crossbow and armoured knights is established at the Battle of Crécy.
·
1444 – Battle of St. Jakob an
der Birs: A vastly outnumbered force of Swiss Confederates is
defeated by the Dauphin Louis (future Louis XI of France) and
his army of 'Armagnacs' near Basel.
·
1466 – A conspiracy against Piero di Cosimo de'
Medici in Florence, led by Luca Pitti, is discovered.
·
1748 – The first Lutheran denomination in North
America, the Pennsylvania
Ministerium, is founded in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
·
1789 – The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen is approved by the National Constituent
Assembly of France.
·
1810 – The former viceroy Santiago de Liniers of the Viceroyalty of
the Río de la Plata is executed after the
defeat of his counter-revolution.
·
1813 – War of the Sixth
Coalition: An impromptu battle takes place when French and Prussian-Russian
forces accidentally run into each other near Liegnitz, Prussia (now Legnica, Poland).
·
1814 – Chilean War of
Independence: Infighting between the rebel forces of José Miguel Carrera and Bernardo O'Higgins erupts in the Battle of Las Tres
Acequias.
·
1914 – World War I:
the German colony of Togoland is invaded by French
and British forces, who take it after 5 days.
·
1920 – The 19th amendment to United States
Constitution takes effect, giving
women the right to vote.
·
1940 – Chad becomes the first
French colony to join the Allies under the administration of Félix Éboué, France's
first black colonial governor.
·
1942 – Holocaust in Chortkiav, western Ukraine: At 2.30 am the German Schutzpolizei starts driving Jews out of their houses,
divides them into groups of 120, packs them in freight cars and deports 2000 to Belzec death camp. 500 of the sick and children are
murdered on the spot.
·
1970 – The then new feminist movement, led by Betty Friedan, leads a nation-wide Women's Strike for
Equality.
·
1999 – Russia begins the Second Chechen War in response to the Invasion of Dagestan by the Islamic
International Peacekeeping Brigade.
·
2011 – The Boeing 787 Dreamliner,
Boeing's all-new composite airliner, receives certification from the EASA and the FAA
·
1865 – Arthur James Arnot,
Australian engineer, designed the Spencer Street Power
Station (d. 1946)
·
1875 – John Buchan, 1st Baron
Tweedsmuir, Scottish-Canadian historian and politician, 15th Governor General of
Canada (d. 1940)
·
1901 – Maxwell D. Taylor, American general and diplomat, United States
Ambassador to South Vietnam (d. 1987)
·
1901 – Chen Yi, Chinese general and politician, 2nd Foreign Minister of the People's Republic of China (d. 1972)
·
1940 – Nik Turner, English singer-songwriter and saxophonist (Hawkwind, Inner City Unit, and Space Ritual)
·
1966 – Shirley Manson, Scottish singer-songwriter and actress (Garbage, Angelfish, and Goodbye Mr. Mackenzie)
·
1785 – George Germain,
1st Viscount Sackville, English soldier and politician, 3rd Secretary of
State for the Colonies (b. 1716)
·
1810 – Santiago de
Liniers, 1st Count of Buenos Aires, French-Spanish navy officer and
politician, 10th Viceroyalty of
the Río de la Plata (b. 1753)
·
1981 – Roger Nash Baldwin,
American union leader, co-founded the American Civil
Liberties Union (b. 1884)
·
2001 – Marita Petersen, Faroese educator and politician, 8th Prime Minister
of the Faroe Islands (b. 1940)
·
2012 – Alix de Lannoy, Belgian mother of Stéphanie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (b. 1941)
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